This gorgeous old Turkmen Tribal necklace is called a Torc (Torque, Tawque) - a unique choker neckring found in many tribal areas throughout the Middle East, Far East, and Egypt. This is an especially classic one, studded with 2 carnelian beads and elaborate metal work handcrafted 50-70 years ago in the Pashtun area of Afghanistan . The locals refer to these Torcs as "springy toaqs" (loose translation) because the body of the neckring is made of sturdy large-gauge wound coils. The back neck opening can be enlarged by barely pulling on the sides to gently spring the coils just enough to allow the neck to slide through.  Release the sides, and the coils spring back in place. This Springy Torc will fit an average-sized adult woman's neck. A similar Collectible Museum Quality Torc Neckring is found on page 498 of the Seiwert's well known book "Treasures from the Bir Collection."